Understanding the Muller's Test Assessment
To screen for **Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)** and evaluate the ability of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) to stabilize the patella.
Watch How It's Done
Instructional video coming soon
How do I start?
Patient is sitting with the leg dangling off the table, knee flexed to 90°. Examiner stabilizes the thigh.
What happens?
The patient is asked to **slowly extend the knee** while the examiner watches the patella's movement. The examiner may apply a gentle manual medial glide to the patella before extension is initiated.
In Plain English
What Does a Positive Result Mean?
The patient reports **pain or apprehension** between 30° and 0° of knee extension, or the examiner observes **abnormal lateral patellar tracking**.
Helpful Tip:
PFPS is often related to abnormal tracking or malalignment of the patella.
Safety First
This guide is to help you understand what happens in a clinic. Do not try to diagnose yourself. If you have severe pain, swelling, or cannot put weight on your leg, please visit an urgent care center or your doctor immediately.
Other Knee Tests
Pivot Shift Test
To dynamically assess for **anterolateral rotatory instability** of the knee, which is highly indicative of a **complete ACL tear**.
Posterior Drawer Test of the Knee
To assess the integrity of the **Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)**.
Posterior Sag Sign (Gravity Drawer Test)
To detect a rupture of the **Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)** by observing the effect of gravity.
Slocum Test (Anterolateral Rotatory Instability)
To assess for **anterolateral rotatory instability** and the function of the **Anterolateral Ligament** (a dynamic variant of the Anterior Drawer).